多贡: 守护家门口的 “金山银山”

　

　　西藏自治区芒康县小昌都村人，红拉山护林员，为红拉山生态保护作出贡献，2021年获“最美生态护林员”称号。

　　

　　时间过去一年多，多贡回忆起领奖经历，依旧满脸笑容。

　　2021年4月，多贡身着漂亮的藏装，站在中央广播电视总台的录制厅，手上拿着“最美生态护林员”奖状，讲述自己巡山护林的经历。

　　多贡家住西藏自治区昌都市芒康县红拉山脚，巡山护林是他的日常工作。穿过山岭、跨过溪流、钻进丛林，多年来他脚下的路线每日不同，心中坚守却从未改变。

　　“能代表西藏在全国领奖，我非常激动，也非常自豪。收获这份荣誉后，护林工作的压力更大了，以后我要更努力，做得更好。”多贡说。

　　红拉山位于芒康县，山高谷深，植被遍布。如果你是在夏天来到这里，过了红拉山垭口，便可以见到山坡上的一大片紫色的花海。这种花是高原地区特有的小杜鹃花。每到6月，花海在蓝天白云的映衬下显得格外鲜艳。

　　这里也是国家一级保护动物滇金丝猴国家级自然保护区。据不完全统计，红拉山保护区有滇金丝猴800余只。

　　每日晨曦，在家中吃过糌粑、喝过酥油茶，多贡都会收拾好巡山工具来到这座“神山”，开启一天的充实工作。

　　早在20多年前，多贡就养成了捡拾山间垃圾的习惯。“看到脚边有垃圾，我就会随手把它捡起来。我们都希望自己的家乡更加干净、更加美丽。”成为护林员后，多贡以山为家、以林为伴，这一习惯更是成为他的工作日常。

　　多贡巡山时还要负责制止山间偷伐树木的行为。他回忆起一次成功制止偷伐树木的经历：“有一个冬日，晚上8点左右，天已经黑了。我在山脚转悠时，突然听到窸窸窣窣的声音，立刻意识到情况不对。通知护林员同伴后，我们向伐木地奔去，一路上大声喝止。偷伐树木的人听到声音后，连工具都没拿就跑了。”

多贡（左）和家人在一起。

　　巡山护林这些年，多贡每日结束工作回到家，妻子都要叮嘱他：“你天天上山，总是冲到最前面，当心砍树的人记得你。”多贡总是笑着跟妻子说：“记住我才好呢，如果我的名字能吓到偷伐树木的人，那就更好了！”

　　防火也是多贡的日常工作之一。红拉山是国家级自然保护区，森林防火是护林的重中之重。每当有游客来到红拉山，多贡总会跟在他们后面，陪他们走过防护区，叮嘱“不能生火”。多贡说：“禁止野外用火是森林防火工作最重要的一点。”夏季遇到雷电天气，多贡会更加谨慎。他说：“如果雷电引发火灾，一定要在火势蔓延前发现火情，并及时扑灭！”

　　为了更好地保护红拉山林木，多贡积极参加各类政策学习、森林火灾扑救演练等培训。只要一有空，他就会给村民们分享自己学到的防火知识，好让更多村民参与到森林防火中来。

　　巡山听起来是一份轻松简单的工作，事实上却很辛苦。红拉山坡度一般大于60度。攀爬中，山路崎岖，脚下泥土还时有松动，一不小心甚至可能摔下陡峭的山坡。多贡和他的护林员同伴们总是手脚并用。多贡回忆巡山工作的细节：“有时候冬天下雪，寒气逼人，山路更加陡峭，所以比较辛苦。但这些苦都不算什么，看着山间茂密的树林，我们觉得一切都值得！”

　　据多贡介绍，红拉山被划分为7—12个片区，每天都有100多名护林员巡山。

　　“多贡朴实心细，尽职尽责。他获得了‘最美生态护林员’的称号，全村人都为他高兴。但守护红拉山的不止多贡一人，他是芒康县成百上千护林员的缩影。”芒康县曲孜卡乡小昌都村第一书记四郎扎珠深情地介绍道。

　　成为专业护林员后，多贡最大的感慨是：“垃圾变少了。”多贡曾经一天捡过10大袋垃圾，然而现在在山里待一天，“捡拾起来的垃圾都装不满一个袋子”。他清楚地知道这些改变背后的原因：“国家购买了大量的垃圾转运车，修建了垃圾处理厂，同时人们的环保意识也增强了，随处乱扔的现象变少了。”

　　山上的野生动物有了更宜居的家园，红拉山的“精灵”——滇金丝猴的数量不断增加。“以前滇金丝猴看见人就躲。现在它们胆子大，看到有人还会主动凑过来。我每天巡山都带干粮，中午就着热水吃饼。一有滇金丝猴过来，我就分它们几口，小猴子们吃得特别香。”多贡回忆。

　　“除了滇金丝猴，林中还有熊出没。有一年冬天，我们的巡山工作到天黑还没结束。山间的夜晚尤其安静，我和同事突然听到一声熊叫，就立马停住脚步，因为再往前就是熊的领地了。当时我心里除了害怕还有一丝开心，这说明红拉山的野生动物越来越多了。”多贡说。

　　工作之余，打开电视收看《动物世界》成了多贡的固定娱乐项目。这是他最喜欢的电视节目。看着自由奔跑的野生动物与美丽宜人的自然环境，多贡说自己心里“总是很高兴”。

　　如今的红拉山，连绵山峰更绿，无垠天空更蓝。关于芒康县的生态保护成绩单，有一组数据足以说明：截至2020年5月，芒康滇金丝猴国家级自然保护区森林覆盖率达70%-80%，滇金丝猴从上世纪80年代的500多只增长到现在的800多只。

　　守在山林的多贡亲眼看到了这些变化。他说：“家乡越来越美，我打心底里高兴。”

　　“多贡‘最美生态护林员’的荣誉，也是党和国家对我们红拉山在生态保护方面做出成绩的肯定。”四郎扎珠说道。

　　保护好西藏生态环境意义重大，利在千秋。据介绍，西藏现有各级各类自然保护地面积约占全区总面积的40%，涵盖了重要的自然生态系统、自然遗产、自然景观和珍稀濒危野生动植物分布区域，对于贯彻落实生态保护第一，切实筑牢国家生态安全屏障，着力创建国家生态文明高地，奋力推进西藏生态文明建设走在全国前列具有十分重要的地位和极其特殊的意义。

　　多贡今年53岁，从小在红拉山脚长大。大儿子肢体一级残疾，家中劳动力短缺，多贡一度只能在周边打打短工，日子过得十分困苦。

　　2016年，国家开展精准扶贫，芒康县扶贫干部了解到多贡一家的情况后，第一时间为多贡和他的妻子、小儿子安排了工作岗位。这一年，多贡一家有三口人当上了护林员。多贡家如今是芒康县名副其实的“护林之家”。

　　多贡与家人的生活水平发生了翻天覆地的变化。有了这份工作，多贡一家每年增收1.4万元。多贡开心地说：“一家人日子越过越好，小康了。”此外，红拉山有着丰富的林下资源，“我们护林员每天巡山，还可以捡菌子、采木耳，带回去卖钱又是一笔收入。这是红拉山给芒康人民的馈赠”。

多贡一家人日子越过越好了。

　　7年来，在芒康县，和多贡一样过上小康日子的护林员还有很多。他们用双脚丈量了红拉山的每一寸土地，为这片山林付出了许多心血。家乡越来越好的生态环境，也让大家的日子越过越好。景色更美，乡亲们更富，用四郎扎珠的话说：“人与自然和谐相处的氛围越来越浓。”

　　多贡跟记者说：“大家过上了好日子，这离不开党和国家的政策扶持，离不开自治区、市、县的各级政府层层指导与安排。”四郎扎珠补充道：“也离不开像多贡这样尽职尽责的护林员与芒康县每个人的辛勤劳动与付出。”

　　“生态扶贫”是打赢脱贫攻坚战的重要解决方案之一。7年来，在这一政策的指导下，芒康县交上了一张漂亮的成绩单，生态岗位每年人均增收3500元。

　　再往后，“生态富民”将是实现共同富裕和高质量发展的重要路径。党的二十大报告提出，中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化。人与自然是生命共同体，无止境地向自然索取甚至破坏自然必然会遭到大自然的报复。我们坚持可持续发展，坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针，像保护眼睛一样保护自然和生态环境，坚定不移走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路，实现中华民族永续发展。

　　“今后，我们还要继续守护美丽的红拉山，保护好我们可爱的家园，用勤劳的双手过上更美好的生活。”多贡自豪地说。
 

Duogong
the Guardian of the'Gold and Silver Mountains'at Door

　　Duogong couldn't help smiling when he recalled his award-winning experience,even a year and so has passed from that day.

　　In April 2021,Duogong,dressed in beautiful Tibetan clothing,stood at the recording studio of China Media Group with the award of the"Most Beautiful Ecological Forest Ranger"in his hand,telling the audience stories about his experience on patrolling the mountains and forests.

　　Duogong’s home is at the foot of Hongla Mountain in Markam County,Chamdo City,Xizang Autonomous Region.Patrolling the mountains and forests is his daily work.Traveling through the mountains,across the streams and into the jungles for years,Duogong changes his route every day,but his aspiration never changes.

　　"I was very excited and proud to receive this award on behalf of Xizang.After receiving this honor,I felt an even greater pressure to protect the forests.I will work harder and do better in the future."Duogong said.

　　Located in Markam County,Hongla Mountain is surrounded by many high peaks and deep valleys and covered with lush vegetation.If you come here in the summer,after passing the Hongla Mountain Pass,you can see a sea of purple flowers on the hillside.This flower is a small azalea unique to the plateau area.Particularly,in every June,the flower sea looks extremely bright against the blue sky and those white clouds.

　　Hongla Mountain is also a national nature reserve for Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys,a national first-class protected animal.Incomplete statistics shows there are more than 800 golden snub-nosed monkeys in this reserve.

　　Every morning,after eating tsampa cakes and drinking butter tea at home,Duogong will pack up his tools for mountain patrol and come to this"sacred mountain"to start his day,busy yet meaningful.

　　More than two decades ago,Duogong developed the habit of picking up garbage in the mountains."Whenever I see garbage at my feet,I will pick it up.We all hope our hometown can be cleaner and more beautiful."After becoming a forest ranger,Duogong made the mountain his home and the forest his companion.Such habit has become his daily work.

　　Duogong is also responsible for stopping illegal logging in the mountains during his patrols.He recalled such an experience:"One winter night,around 8 o'clock in the evening,it was already dark.As I was wandering around the foot of the mountain,a rustling sound caught my ears,and I immediately realized that something went wrong.After notifying my fellow forest rangers,we rushed to the logging site and shouted all the way.The loggers heard the sound and ran away without even taking their tools."

　　During these years of forest patrolling,every day when Duogong returned home from work,his wife would remind him:"You go up the mountain every day and always rush to the front.Be careful that people who cut down trees remember you."Duogong always smiled and said to his wife:"It's good they remember me.If my name can scare these people,it would be even better!"

　　Fire prevention is also one of Duogong's daily tasks.Hongla Mountain is a national nature reserve,and fire prevention is the top priority of forest protection.Whenever tourists come to Hongla Mountain,Duogong always follows them and accompanies them through the protected area,reminding them"not to light fires".Duogong said:"Prohibiting the use of fire in the wild is the most important in our forest fire prevention work."In summer days with thunder storm,Duogong will be more cautious.He said:"If a fire is caused by lightning,it must be identified and extinguished in time before the fire spreads!"

　　In order to better protect the trees in Hongla Mountain,Duogong actively participates in various policy publicities,forest fire fighting drills and other training.As long as he has time,he will also share the fire prevention knowledge with the villagers so that more villagers can participate in forest fire prevention.

　　Patrolling the mountain sounds like an easy and simple job,but it is actually very arduous.The slope of Hongla Mountain is generally greater than 60 degrees.The rugged paths and loose soil underfoot make it very difficult to climb up to the mountain.There is also a risk of falling down a steep slope.Duogong and his colleagues always need to carefully use their hands and feet at the same time.Duogong recalled the details of mountain patrol work:"In winter,it snows sometimes,making the temperature chillier and the path even steeper.Those are our hard times.But these hardships are nothing.Looking at the dense trees in the mountains,we feel that everything is worth it!"

　　According to Duogong,Hongla Mountain is divided into 7-12 areas,and more than 100 forest rangers patrol the mountain every day.

　　"Duogong is a simple,meticulous and conscientious man.He has won the honorary title of'The Most Beautiful Ecological Forest Ranger'and everyone in the village is happy for him.But it's not just Duogong who guards Hongla Mountain.He is a microcosm of hundreds of forest rangers in Markam County."Silang Zhazhu,Chief Secretary of Xiaochangdu Village in Quzika Township,Markam County,sincerely told people.

　　After becoming a professional forest ranger,Duogong's biggest feeling is that:"There is less garbage."Duogong once picked up 10 large bags of garbage in a day,but now even he works in the mountains for a whole day,like he said,"the garbage picked up can't even fill a bag".He clearly knows the reasons behind these changes:"Our country has purchased a large number of garbage transfer vehicles and built garbage disposal plants.And people now have a higher level of awareness to protect our environment,so they litter less."

In April 2021, Duogong was named as ''The Most Beautiful Ecological Forest Ranger''.

　　Wild animals on the mountain have a more livable habitat,and the number of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys,"elves"of Hongla Mountain,continues to grow."In the past,Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys would hide away whenever they saw people.Now they are bold and even come over when they see people.I bring dry food with me every day when I patrol the mountain and eat cakes with hot water at noon.As soon as golden monkeys come over,I will share a few bites with them just to see how little monkeys savored every bite."Duogong recalled.

　　"In addition to golden monkeys,there are also bears in the forest.One winter,our mountain patrol work was not over until it was dark.The night in the mountains is particularly quiet.My colleague and I suddenly heard a bear's growl and immediately stopped because going forward was to the bear's territory.At that moment,I had two feelings inside:scared and happy.This shows that there are more and more wild animals in Hongla Mountain."Duogong said.

　　In his spare time,Duogong will turn on the TV to watch The Wildlife,a documentary program,which has become his routine recreation.This is his favorite TV program.Duogong said that he"always felt very happy"in his heart when watching wild animals running freely in the beautiful and pleasant natural environment.

　　Nowadays in Hongla Mountain,continuous peaks have become greener and boundless sky bluer.Regarding gains achieved from Markam County's ecological progress,a set of data is enough to explain:As of May 2020 in Markam county,the forest coverage rate of the national nature reserve for Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys had reached 70%-80%,and the number of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys had increased from more than 500 in the 1980s to more than 800.

　　Duogong,who guards the mountains and forests,has witnessed these changes with his own eyes.He said:"My hometown is getting more and more beautiful,and I am happy from the bottom of my heart."

　　"Duogong's honor as'The Most Beautiful Ecological Forest Ranger'is also an affirmation from the Party and our country for our achievements in ecological protection in Hongla Mountain."Silang Zhazhu told people.

Changdu Hongla Mountain, Xizang.

　　It is of great significance to protect the ecological environment of Xizang,and its benefits will last for thousands of years.According to reports,Xizang currently has various levels and types of nature reserves covering about 40%of the total area of the region,which cover the important natural ecosystems,natural heritage,natural landscapes and distribution areas of rare and endangered wild animals and plants.It bears extremely important significance for the implementation of ecological protection as top priority,the building a national ecological security barrier,the push for creating a national ecological civilization highland,and the promotion of Xizang's ecological civilization construction to take the lead in the country.

　　Duogong,who turns 53 this year,grew up at the foot of Hongla Mountain.Due to his eldest son's first-level physical disability and a shortage of labor at home,Duogong could only do odd jobs around for a time,and life was very difficult at that time.

Duogong's old house, located near the Conservation Station.

　　In 2016,China carried out targeted poverty alleviation.After learning about Duogong's family situation,poverty alleviation cadres in Markam County immediately arranged job positions for Duogong and his wife and their younger son.Until this year,three members of his family have already become forest rangers.The Duogong family has become a true"forest ranger family"in Markam County.

　　Their life has already changed dramatically.With this job,they can earn an additional 14,000 RMB per year.Duogong was really happy about this.He said:"Our family's life is now getting better and better,and we are becoming more affluent."In addition,the Hongla Mountain has abundant forest resources."As forest rangers,we patrol the mountain every day,pick mushrooms and collect black fungus,and bring them back to sell for extra income.This is a gift of the Hongla Mountain to the people of Markam."

　　Over the past seven years,more and more forest rangers in Markam County,like Duogong,have led to a better life.They have traversed every inch of land in the Hongla Mountain and put in endless efforts to protect this forest.The ever improving ecological environment in our hometown makes people's lives better and better.Villagers become richer as the scenery is getting more beautiful,just as Silang Zhazhu put it,"humans and nature coexist in a more peaceful way with each other."

　　Duogong told people,"We are living a better life now and we all owe this to the strong support of the Party,and the guidance and deployment from the government at all levels."Silang Zhazhu added,"It would not have been possible without dedicated forest rangers like Duogong and the hard work and dedication of everyone in Markam County."

　　"Ecological poverty alleviation"has been one of the important solutions to winning the battle against poverty.Over the past seven years,under the guidance of this policy,Markam County has achieved impressive results,with an increase in annual per capita income of ecological jobs by 3,500 RMB.

　　Moving forward,"ecological prosperity"will be an important path to achieving common prosperity and high-quality development.As stated in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，it is the modernization of harmony between humanity and nature.Humanity and nature make up a community of life.If we extract from nature without limit or inflict damage on it,we are bound to face its retaliation.China is committed to sustainable development and to the principles of prioritizing resource conservation and environmental protection and letting nature restore itself.We will protect nature and the environment as we do our own lives.We will continue to pursue a model of sound development featuring improved production,higher living standards,and healthy ecosystems to ensure the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

　　"In the future,we will continue to guard the beautiful Hongla Mountain,protect our lovely home,and live a better life with hard work."said Duogong proudly.